Regurgitation af pulmonalklappen
| Mild regurgitation | Moderat regurgitation | Alvorlig regurgitation | |
| Lungeklappens morfologi | normal | normal/unormal | unormal |
| Tæthed CW-Doppler | svag, langsom deceleration | variabel | tæt, stejl deceleration, tidlig afslutning af diastolisk flow |
| Strålebredde farve-doppler | lille, < 10 mm længde, smal oprindelse | varierende | stor, bred oprindelse |
| Forholdet mellem pulmonal og aorta flow | normal | variabel | betydeligt forøget |
Referencer
1. Zoghbi, William A.; Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice; Foster, Elyse; Grayburn, Paul A.; Kraft, Carol D.; Levine, Robert A. et al (2003): Anbefalinger til evaluering af sværhedsgraden af nativ valvulær regurgitation med todimensionel og Doppler ekkokardiografi. I Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 16 (7), s. 777-802. DOI: 10.1016/S0894-7317 (03)00335-3.
2. Zoghbi, William A.; Adams, David; Bonow, Robert O.; Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice; Foster, Elyse; Grayburn, Paul A. et al (2017): Anbefalinger for ikke-invasiv evaluering af nativ valvulær regurgitation. En rapport fra American Society of Echocardiography udviklet i samarbejde med Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. I Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : officiel publikation fra American Society of Echocardiography 30 (4), s. 303-371. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.01.007.
3. Lancellotti, Patrizio; Tribouilloy, Christophe; Hagendorff, Andreas; Moura, Luis; Popescu, Bogdan A.; Agricola, Eustachio et al. (2010): European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Del 1: aorta- og pulmonal regurgitation (nativ klapsygdom). I European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology 11 (3), s. 223-244. DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq030.
Stenose i pulmonalklappen
| Mild stenose | Moderat stenose | Alvorlig stenose | |
| Peak-hastighed (m/s) | < 3 | 43528 | > 4 |
| Peak gradient (mmHg) | < 36 | 36-64 | > 64 |
Referencer
1. Baumgartner, Helmut; Hung, Judy; Bermejo, Javier; Chambers, John B.; Evangelista, Arturo; Griffin, Brian P. et al (2009): Ekkokardiografisk vurdering af klapstenose: EAE/ASE-anbefalinger til klinisk praksis. I European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology 10 (1), s. 1-25. DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jen303.
2. Baumgartner, Helmut; Hung, Judy; Bermejo, Javier; Chambers, John B.; Evangelista, Arturo; Griffin, Brian P. et al (2009): Ekkokardiografisk vurdering af klapstenose: EAE/ASE-anbefalinger til klinisk praksis. In Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 22 (1), 1-23; quiz 101-2. DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2008.11.029.